However, uncertainties in fossil fuel availability and recent events of price hikes have rejuvenated the interest in biodiesel, which is a low-pollutant fuel and, renewable in naturefuel compared to conventional diesels (Ghadge and& Raheman 2006).

To avoid saponification, the process requires two prerequisite factors: free fatty acid (FFA) content in lower levels and higher-quality herbal oil (Yu et al. 2013).