During the nineteenth century, Vietnam was a French colony where the Gauls administered these lands tfor their pleasure, imposing different political and cultural changes in Vietnamese society. With different calls for freedom from the people of Vietnam, there were different political leaders, but none that could remove the dominance of the lands to the French, until the arrival of World War II, when the Japanese invaded the Indochinese peninsula. In Vietnam, at the end of the Second World War had emerged, a nationalist movement emerged with separatists and communist ideas that faced the French in what was called as the First Indochinese War and. iIn the battle of Dien Bien Phu, there was a large withdrawal of the French colonies that divided the country into two by the 17th parallel after the Geneva Conference in 1954.
At the Geneva conference, ithere was reached a series of agreements in which France withdrew from Indochina, the division that the Vietnamese state, where the North under Communist-ruled and the sSouth in the hands of the government of Saigon, which had already been recognized by the United States by a legitimate government and where President Truman had sent a group of military advisers to train South Vietnamese in handling weapons and that in 1956 they would be voting for the reunification of the country to be held.